Global Trends (Venture Capital)Growth (2020–2024):- 2021 Frenzy: Record funding ($683B global), mega-rounds, and unicorn creation. Early-stage median deal size ↑40% YoY.
- 2023–2024 Correction: Funding ↓35% YoY (2023-24). Investor focus shifted to profitability, unit economics, and AI/DeepTech. Seed stage remained resilient (-15% vs. -50% for late-stage).
- Sector Shifts: AI, climate tech, and biotech dominate; crypto/web3 cooled.
- Key Risks: High mortality rate (60–90% failure), valuation resets, exit drought (IPOs ↓80% since 2021).
Russian Market (Post-2022)Collapse of Ecosystem:- Foreign VCs fully exited; sanctions froze follow-on funding.
- Domestic funds (Russian Ventures) now dominate, backed by state banks and wealthy individuals.
Activity:- Focus on "critical" tech: cybersecurity, drone tech, import-substitution SaaS, agritech.
- Deal flow ↓85%+ since 2021; early-stage valuations down 50–70%.
- Challenges: Brain drain (100k+ tech workers left), SWIFT restrictions, zero M&A/IPOs.
Saint Petersburg MarketPre-2022: #2 tech hub; strong in AI, gaming, biotech.
Post-2022 Reality:- Talent exodus crippled innovation; defense tech now prioritized.
- State grants replace VC. Surviving startups serve domestic needs or just die.
- Outlook: Local early-stage VC is functionally dead without state subsidies.
Asset Class Comparison vs. AlternativesAttribute | Venture Capital | vs. Private Equity | vs. Real Estate | vs. Commodities |
Return Potential | Extreme (top funds: 25–35% IRR) | High (15–25% IRR) | Moderate (6–12% IRR) | Speculative |
Liquidity | Lowest (7–12 yr horizon) | Very Low (5–10 yr) | Illiquid | High (futures) |
Failure Rate | Highest (>60% early-stage fail) | Moderate (10–20% loss) | Low (collateral value) | Low (physical storage) |
Income | None (illiquid until exit) | None | Stable yield | None |
Control | Moderate (board seats, milestones) | High (control positions) | Limited | None |
Risk Drivers | Product-market fit, execution, dilution | Leverage, exit timing | Interest rates, location | Macro, geopolitics |
Barriers to Entry | High (network access, expertise) | High (large capital) | Moderate | Low |
Inflation Hedge | Weak (tech valuations suffer) | Weak | Strong | Strong |
ConclusionVenture Capital offers the highest asymmetric returns in alternatives but with extreme risk, illiquidity, and zero margin for error. In Russia, it survives only through state-subsidized "survival investing" – targeting sanctioned industries with trapped capital.
We are still thinking that there is a space in every investor portfolio for a risky asset category like Venture Capital, supporting local business and startups should improve the quality of products and increase readyness for future profitable projects.